Quiz: Chapter 9 - Logical Reasoning

1 When facing multiple urgent tasks, what is the FIRST step in effective prioritization?

List all tasks with deadlines Start working on the easiest task Delegate all tasks Assess task importance and urgency

2 Which information is MOST critical when evaluating a business decision?

Potential ROI Employee opinions Competitor actions All of the above

3 What is the key advantage of a pros-and-cons list in decision making?

Guarantees correct decisions Visualizes tradeoffs clearly Eliminates all risks Speeds up the process

4 When implementing a new policy, what BEST ensures employee adoption?

Clear communication of reasons Strict enforcement Gradual implementation All of the above

5 What is the PRIMARY risk of "analysis paralysis"?

Making quick decisions Missing optimal timing Over-collecting data Considering too many options

6 Which technique BEST evaluates decision consequences?

SWOT analysis Decision tree Pareto chart Mind mapping

7 What is the FIRST step in strategic action planning?

Assign responsibilities Define clear objectives Set timelines Allocate resources

8 Which factor is LEAST important when evaluating options?

Personal biases Available data Time constraints Past experiences

9 What BEST describes the "sunk cost fallacy"?

Considering future costs only Ignoring past investments Continuing because of prior investment Overestimating future returns

10 Which implementation strategy works BEST for complex projects?

All-at-once rollout Pilot testing Delegating completely No monitoring

11 When gathering information, what is MOST important to verify?

Source credibility Data recency Presentation format Popularity

12 What is the key benefit of contingency planning?

Eliminates all risks Reduces response time to problems Guarantees success Makes decisions easier

13 Which decision-making approach is MOST data-driven?

Intuitive Evidence-based Democratic Autocratic

14 What is the MAIN purpose of a post-implementation review?

Assign blame Identify improvements Justify decisions Celebrate success

15 Which technique BEST handles conflicting priorities?

Ignore less urgent ones Weighted scoring matrix Always choose cheapest Delegate randomly

16 What is the PRIMARY advantage of staged implementation?

Lower initial cost Faster completion Early error detection Simpler planning

17 Which factor is MOST important in resource allocation?

Strategic alignment Employee preferences Historical patterns External opinions

18 What BEST describes "opportunity cost" in decision making?

Financial cost only Value of next-best alternative Implementation expenses Risk of failure

19 Which is a key characteristic of effective action plans?

Vague objectives Flexible timelines Clear milestones Open-ended budget

20 What is the MAIN risk of groupthink in decision making?

Slower decisions Poorer quality decisions Higher costs Better implementation

21 When evaluating options, what should come FIRST?

Cost analysis Defining evaluation criteria Seeking opinions Reviewing past decisions

22 Which tool BEST visualizes implementation timelines?

Pareto chart Gantt chart Decision tree SWOT analysis

23 What is the PRIMARY purpose of sensitivity analysis?

Identify key variables Speed up decisions Reduce costs Eliminate all risks

24 Which is a key element of consequence analysis?

Ignoring unlikely outcomes Considering second-order effects Focusing only on positives Avoiding quantitative data

25 What is the MAIN benefit of pre-mortem analysis?

Identifies potential failures Speeds up implementation Reduces costs Simplifies planning

26 Which describes the "satisficing" approach?

Seeking optimal solutions Accepting good-enough options Avoiding all risks Maximizing resources

27 What is the key advantage of scenario planning?

Predicts the future exactly Prepares for multiple possibilities Eliminates uncertainty Reduces information needs

28 Which is MOST important when allocating limited resources?

Equal distribution Strategic priorities Department size Historical allocation

29 What BEST describes "confirmation bias" in decision making?

Seeking disconfirming evidence Favoring supporting information Ignoring all data Changing criteria frequently

30 Which implementation approach works BEST for resistant teams?

Top-down mandates Collaborative design Surprise rollout No explanation

31 What is the PRIMARY purpose of a decision matrix?

Speed up intuition Systematically compare options Reduce information needs Automate choices

32 Which is a key risk of over-relying on historical data?

Ignoring changing conditions Too much innovation Excessive analysis High costs

33 What is the MAIN advantage of incremental implementation?

Lower risk Faster results Less planning Higher visibility

34 Which BEST describes "bounded rationality"?

Perfect decision making Decisions within cognitive limits Pure emotional choices Avoiding all information

35 What is the PRIMARY purpose of setting decision deadlines?

Limit information gathering Force timely action Reduce quality Increase stress

36 Which is MOST important when evaluating long-term consequences?

Immediate costs Sustainability Ease of implementation Popularity

37 What is the key benefit of devil's advocacy in decision making?

Speeds up consensus Surfaces weaknesses Reduces conflict Simplifies choices

38 Which describes the most EFFECTIVE information gathering?

Only internal sources Only quantitative data Diverse reliable sources Minimal necessary data

39 What is the MAIN risk of "default bias"?

Too much change Sticking with status quo Over-innovation Ignoring history

40 Which implementation strategy REDUCES resistance?

Surprise changes Clear communication No training Threats

41 What is the PRIMARY advantage of quantitative decision methods?

Eliminates all subjectivity Provides measurable comparisons Always correct Requires no expertise

42 Which is a key characteristic of BAD decisions?

Based on emotions only Consider alternatives Use relevant data Include stakeholder input

43 What is the MAIN purpose of a pilot program?

Full implementation Small-scale testing Avoid evaluation Immediate results

44 Which BEST describes "escalation of commitment" fallacy?

Abandoning failing projects Increasing investment in failures Avoiding all risks Changing goals frequently

45 What is the PRIMARY benefit of decision documentation?

Justifies all choices Provides accountability trail Eliminates future changes Replaces communication

46 Which is MOST important when prioritizing tasks?

Alphabetical order Strategic impact Colleague preferences Ease of completion

47 What is the key advantage of the "stepladder" decision technique?

Limits input Ensures equal participation Speeds up process Reduces information needs

48 Which describes the BEST approach to risky decisions?

Avoid all risks Take extreme risks Balance risk/reward Delegate risk analysis

49 What is the PRIMARY purpose of a "kill criteria" in project evaluation?

Ensure project continuation Define failure thresholds Increase budgets Punish teams

50 Which is MOST effective for complex implementation?

Single phase rollout Modular implementation No training Hidden changes

51 What is the MAIN risk of "anchoring bias"?

Ignoring initial information Overweighting first data Considering all data equally Avoiding numbers

52 Which is a key element of OPTION evaluation?

Ignoring constraints Single criterion Comparative assessment First idea selection

53 What is the PRIMARY benefit of stakeholder analysis?

Identifies supporters/opponents Speeds up decisions Reduces information needs Eliminates all resistance

54 Which describes the BEST information for decisions?

Only positive data Relevant and reliable Only quantitative Minimal necessary

55 What is the MAIN advantage of cost-benefit analysis?

Measures financial tradeoffs Guarantees success Eliminates subjectivity Requires no data

56 Which is MOST important in action planning?

Vague steps Clear responsibilities No deadlines Flexible metrics

57 What is the PRIMARY purpose of risk assessment?

Eliminate all risks Identify potential threats Guarantee success Avoid planning

58 Which BEST describes "groupthink" symptom?

Diverse viewpoints Pressure for conformity Critical evaluation Open disagreement

59 What is the KEY benefit of decision trees?

Show probabilistic outcomes Hide all risks Simplify complex data Automate choices

60 Which is MOST critical for successful implementation?

No communication Change management Surprise elements Ignoring feedback

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Chapter 9: Logical Reasoning - Decision Making