Quiz: Chapter 14 - Nuclear Physics

1 One amu is equal to ______

931 MeV 9.31 MeV 93.1 MeV 0.931 MeV

2 Cobalt-60 emits γ-rays of energy ______

117 MeV 11.7 MeV 1.17 MeV 1.17 KeV

3 Which of the following statements about moderators is correct?

Moderators slow down the neutrons Moderators bring the neutrons to rest Moderators absorb the neutrons Moderators reflect the neutrons

4 The half-life of a radioactive element is ______

T₁/₂ = 0.693/λ T₁/₂ = 1.43 λ T₁/₂ = 0.693 λ None of these

5 Hadrons are particles that include ______

Protons Neutrons Mesons All of these

6 Lepton particles experience no strong nuclear force. Which particles are leptons?

Electrons Muons Neutrinos All of these

7 The charges on quarks are ______

One unit Half unit Fraction None of these

8 A meson is made from ______

A pair of quarks A pair of anti-quarks A pair of quarks and anti-quarks None of these

9 Fission nuclear reaction leads to ______ stability.

Lesser Greater Medium None

10 If a radioactive isotope of silver has a half-life of 7.5 days, after 15 days the remaining isotope is ______ of its original amount.

25% 50% 7.5% 15%

11 A nuclide αR²²⁰ decays by two α-emissions. The resulting nuclide is ______

84 S²¹² 82 S²¹² 80 S²²⁰ None

12 One joule of energy absorbed per kilogram is equal to ______

1 rad 1 rem 1 gray 1 sievert

13 In uranium U₉₂²³⁵, the number of neutrons is ______

92 235 143 Different for different isotopes

14 One atomic mass unit (amu) is equal to ______

1.66 × 10⁻²⁷ kg 1.66 × 10⁻²⁵ kg 1.66 × 10⁻²⁰ kg All of above

15 The density of a nucleus is uniform according to ______

J.J. Thomson Rutherford’s Model Bohr’s Model All of above laws

16 For a chain reaction to build up, the size of the radioactive target should be ______

90 Greater than the critical size Less than the critical size Equal to critical size

17 After two half-lives, the number of decayed nuclei is ______

N N/2 N/4 3N/4

18 Examples of antimatter include ______

Antiproton Antineutron Positron All of above

19 Neutrons and protons are collectively called ______

Nucleons Meson Boson Quartz

20 The half-life of radium is 1590 years. How long until all radium decays?

1590 × 10⁶ years 1590 × 10¹² years 1590 × 10²⁵ years Never

21 Which radiation has the highest penetrating power?

α-rays β-rays γ-rays All have equal power

22 The energy released per fission of U-235 is ______

200 MeV 40 MeV 30 MeV 20 MeV

23 Nuclear forces exist between ______

Proton-proton Proton-neutron Neutron-neutron All of the above

24 Radioactive decay follows which law?

N = N₀ e^(λt) N = N₀ e^(λt) N = N₀ e^(-λt/2) N₀ = N(1e^(λt))

25 Which particle has the highest velocity?

α-rays β-rays γ-rays All have the same speed

26 The charge on an electron was determined by ______

Ampere Maxwell Millikan Thomson

27 The charge on a neutron is ______

+1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C Zero No definite charge

28 A particle with the mass of an electron and charge of a proton is called ______

Antiproton Positron Gamma rays Photon

29 The mass of a neutron is ______

1.67 × 10¹³ kg 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ kg 1.67 × 10⁻¹⁹ kg

30 Nuclei with the same mass number but different atomic numbers are called ______

Isotopes Isobars Isotones Isomers

31 A mass spectrograph sorts out ______

Molecules Ions Elements Isotopes

32 The sum of nucleon masses vs. the resultant nucleus mass is ______

Smaller Greater Same Sometimes smaller or greater

33 An α-particle is emitted from Ra²²⁶. What is the daughter nucleus?

Mass 224, Atomic 84 Mass 220, Atomic 80 Mass 222, Atomic 86 Mass 226, Atomic 87

34 1 Curie equals ______ disintegrations per second.

3.74 × 10⁹ 3.70 × 10¹⁰ 3.55 × 10¹⁰ 3.60 × 10¹⁰

35 In a fast breeder reactor, the uranium used is ______

U²³⁵ U²³⁸ U²³⁴ U²³⁹

36 Radioactive materials are identified by measuring their ______

Hardness Density Mass Half-life

37 A self-sustained fission reaction is called a ______

Fission reaction Fusion reaction Chain reaction Chemical reaction

38 Pair production near a heavy nucleus conserves ______

Net energy Net charge Net momentum All of the above

39 An α-particle knocks out ______ during atomic encounters.

Protons Electrons Neutrons Nothing

40 Which radiation is best for treating deep infections?

α-rays β-rays γ-rays X-rays

41 Cancer is treated using ______

Cobalt-60 Strontium-90 Carbon-14 Nickel-63

42 Surgical instruments are sterilized by ______

α-rays β-rays γ-rays β & γ-rays equally

43 The charge on an α-particle is ______

+1 +2 -2 -1

44 β-particles ionize atoms through ______

Direct collision Electrostatic attraction Electrostatic repulsion All of the above

45 TVs and microwave ovens emit ______

X-rays α-rays β-rays γ-rays

46 A β-particle loses energy in a single encounter by ______

A small fraction Most of its energy No energy Varies

47 Strontium-90 is used as a ______ source.

β-particle α-particle γ-particle Neutron

48 β-particles penetrate ______ times more than α-particles.

10 100 100 less 10 less

49 A Geiger counter is suitable for ______ counting.

Fast Extremely fast Slow All situations

50 α-particles produce fluorescence in ______

ZnS Barium Platinocyanide Ca Tungstate All

51 Pair production cannot occur in a vacuum because ______ is not conserved.

Energy Charge Mass Momentum

52 The range of an α-particle is its ______ in air before stopping.

Trajectory Distance Firing level Limit

53 γ-rays are similar to ______

Light Heat waves Microwaves X-rays

54 β-particles ionize atoms via ______

Electrostatic attraction Electrostatic repulsion Direct collision Gravity

55 β-particles penetrate better than α-particles due to ______

Lower ionization power Energy non-conservation Same ionization power None

56 Pair production requires ______

X-rays γ-rays UV-rays IR-rays

57 High-velocity nuclei are produced by ______

Cloud chamber Linear accelerator Mass spectrograph Wilson cloud

58 The best shield against γ-rays is ______

Water Heavy water Lead Aluminum

59 The safe weekly radiation dose for nuclear workers is ______

1 rem 5 rem 4 rem 3 rem

60 Skin treatments use ______ radiation.

α-rays β-rays X-rays γ-rays

Leave Quiz?

Chapter 14: Nuclear Physics